Maharaja Yeshwant Rao Holkar II

Maharaja Yeshwant Rao Holkar II (1908–1961) was the last ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Indore, known for his modern vision, diplomatic skill, and cultural patronage. Ascending the throne in 1930, he ruled during a transformative period in Indian history, witnessing the independence movement and the end of princely rule. A progressive ruler, he promoted modernisation and urban development within Indore, including advancements in education, healthcare, and infrastructure. Educated in Britain, Yeshwant Rao brought a cosmopolitan perspective to his governance and was renowned for his sophisticated taste in art and architecture. He was an avid patron of the arts and commissioned contemporary works and designs, particularly in the Art Deco and Bauhaus styles, leaving behind architectural landmarks, such as the Manik Bagh Palace, which reflected his global influence and artistic sensibility.

Following India’s independence in 1947, he acceded to the Indian Union in 1948, formally integrating Indore into the Indian state of Madhya Bharat (now Madhya Pradesh). Though his official role ended, Yeshwant Rao contributed to public life and remained a significant figure in Indore’s cultural and social landscape until his passing in 1961.